Orang National Park Assam

Orang National Park located on the north bank of the river Brahmaputra in the north eastern state of Assam in India is popularly known as mini Kaziranga. Orang National Park is spread over two districts of the state of Assam -- Darrang and Sonitpur -- on the north bank of the Brahmaputra. The park covers an area of 72-sq-kms and was established as a sanctuary in 1985 and declared a National Park on 13th April 1999. The park is about 150-km from Guwahati and 31-km from Tezpur, the nearest town. The fauna found here include the one-horned rhinoceros, elephants, leopard, sambar, barking deer, tiger, varieties of water birds, green pigeon, florican, teal, geese etc. The park is also famous for its migratory birds from places as far as from America like the milky white pelicans. This national park is famous for its innate picturesque beauty.

The area comprises the alluvial flood plains of the Brahmaputra. The national park on the whole is a flat land. The altitude ranges from is 45m to 70 m. The southern and eastern boundaries of the park comprise channels, and islands of the Brahmaputra. The western boundary is an artificial boundary demarcated by a trench from villages. The area enjoys typical subtropical monsoon climate and major precipitation occurs during the period from May to September. Visiting Season is preferably form November to May.

Flora:

The floral wealth of the park is very significant. The Natural Forest species are like Bombax ceiba, Dalbergia sisoo, Sterculia villosa, Trewia nudiflora, Zizypphus jujuba, Litsaea polyantha, etc. Among the non aquatic grassland species the prominent are Phragmites karka, Arundo donax, Imperata cylindrical, Saccarum spp. etc. The aquatic grass/plants species are Andropogon spp., Ipomea reptans, Enhydra flushians, Nymphia spp., Wichornia spp. etc

Animal Kingdom:

Apart from the greater Indian one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis), which is the dominant species of the national park, the other key species sharing the habitat, are the Royal Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris), Asiatic elephant (Elephas maxima), hog deer (Axis percinus), wild boar (Sus scrofa). Besides, there are other small mammals like civets, leopards, hare, and porcupines. There are more than 50 species of fish. Among reptiles, turtles like Lissemys punctata, Kachuga tecta, and among snakes pythons and cobras are known to frequent these areas.

Birds:

Orang National Park is rich in avifauna. After Manas National Park, it is Orang which is the most important habitat of the Bengal florican in Assam. Important avifauna are Bengal Florican (Houbaropsis bengalensis), Spot-billed Pelican (Pelicanus philippensis), Black-necked Stork (Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus), Greater Adjutant Stork (Leptoptilos dubius), Lesser Adjutant (Leptoptilos javanicus), Wooly-necked Stork (Ciconia episcopus), Rudy Shelduck (Tadorna ferruginea), Gadwall (Anas strepera), Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), Pintail (Anas acuta), Pallas's Fishing Eagle (Haliaeetus leucoryphus) and a number of others including forest and grassland birds.

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